What is lipoedema?
Lipoedema is a chronic condition in which fat builds up symmetrically in the legs and hips, sometimes in the arms. The feet are usually spared, so a clear line may form at the ankle.
It often becomes noticeable during hormonal changes such as puberty, pregnancy or menopause, and is frequently confused with obesity or lymphoedema.
Symptoms
- Symmetrical thickening of the legs
- Fat distribution that does not clearly change with diet and exercise
- Tenderness or pain on touch
- Easy bruising
- Heaviness that increases in the evening
Causes and risk factors
The exact cause is not known; family predisposition and hormonal factors are thought to play a role.
- Similar fat distribution in the family
- Periods of hormonal change
- Female sex
How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis is mainly based on history and examination. It is important to distinguish it from lymphoedema, obesity and venous insufficiency; colour Doppler ultrasound may be used to look for accompanying vein problems.
Treatment approach
Treatment is planned individually. Compression, movement and nutrition advice help manage symptoms. Accompanying venous insufficiency is assessed separately; surgical options may be discussed with other specialties for some patients.
When to see a doctor
An assessment is advised for symmetrical leg thickening that does not change with diet, pain and easy bruising.
Related treatments
Frequently asked questions
Does lipoedema go away with weight loss?
The fat distribution in lipoedema usually does not change much with diet, but healthy weight management can help control symptoms.
Are lipoedema and lymphoedema the same?
No. Lipoedema is a symmetrical fat build-up that usually spares the feet; lymphoedema is swelling caused by lymph fluid. They can occur together.
Can men have lipoedema?
It is very rare; lipoedema mostly affects women.
Which doctor treats lipoedema?
A cardiovascular surgery examination for lipoedema also looks for venous and lymphatic problems that may accompany it. When treatment is needed, it is planned together with the relevant specialties.