What is non-surgical treatment?
Varicose vein treatment aims to ease symptoms, reduce the appearance of varicose veins and prevent complications. In non-surgical (minimally invasive) methods the vein is closed from inside through a thin catheter or needle, or treated with laser through the skin. The closed vein is gradually absorbed by the body and blood continues to flow through healthy veins.
Which methods are used?
The method depends on the vein size, location and Doppler findings; several methods may be combined.
- Endovenous laser ablation (EVLA): closing main veins from inside with laser energy
- Radiofrequency ablation (RFA): closing the vein with radiofrequency energy
- Foam sclerotherapy: injecting a sclerosing agent as foam
- Exotherme (eraser) laser: treating spider veins through the skin
Who is it for?
Suitability is decided after an examination and colour Doppler ultrasound. Non-surgical methods can be considered for many patients with symptoms of venous insufficiency and large or small varicose veins. Treatment may be postponed or planned differently in pregnancy, active infection or certain clotting problems.
How is it done?
Procedures are usually performed under local anaesthesia, guided by ultrasound and without a hospital stay.
- A vein map is made with examination and Doppler ultrasound
- The area is numbed with local anaesthesia
- The vein is accessed with a thin catheter or needle under ultrasound
- The vein is closed with laser, radiofrequency energy or a sclerosing agent
- A compression stocking is applied and a short walk is advised
Recovery
Most patients walk home on the day of the procedure; the doctor sets the return to daily activities individually. Mild tenderness, bruising or tightness may occur and usually fades over time.
- Wear compression stockings for the recommended period
- Walk regularly and avoid long periods of inactivity
- Avoid hot baths, saunas and heavy exercise in the first days
- Attend the planned follow-up visits
Related conditions
Frequently asked questions
Is non-surgical treatment suitable for every varicose vein?
No. The suitable method depends on the vein and the Doppler findings; surgery may be considered in some cases.
Is the procedure painful?
It is performed under local anaesthesia; mild discomfort may be felt during the anaesthetic injection and afterwards.
Can varicose veins come back after treatment?
New varicose veins can develop in other veins over time, which is why follow-up and lifestyle advice matter.
When can I walk after non-surgical varicose vein treatment?
After methods applied from inside the vein, patients can usually walk straight away; regular walking is recommended as part of recovery. The doctor decides when to return to daily work, depending on the method used.
