What is deep vein thrombosis?
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a blood clot, usually in the deep veins of the leg. If part of the clot breaks off and reaches the lungs it can cause a pulmonary embolism, so suspected DVT needs prompt assessment.
Signs
- Swelling, usually in one leg
- Pain or tenderness in the calf
- Redness and warmth of the skin
- A feeling of tightness in the leg
Risk factors
- Long periods of immobility (long journeys, bed rest)
- Recent surgery or injury
- Pregnancy and the period after birth
- Hormone-containing medication
- A previous clot or family history of clots
- Some cancers and clotting disorders
Diagnosis
Colour Doppler ultrasound is the most common diagnostic method. Treatment is planned individually by the doctor.
Breathlessness, chest pain or coughing up blood may indicate a pulmonary embolism; call 112 (emergency services) without delay.
Related pages
Frequently asked questions
How can I reduce clot risk on long journeys?
Move at regular intervals, do leg exercises and drink enough fluids; people with risk factors should ask their doctor.
Can varicose veins lead to DVT?
Superficial vein inflammation can develop in varicose veins and rarely extend to the deep system, which is why assessment matters.
